If Statement

Conditional Statements?

Conditional statements in Java help programs make decisions by running code when specific conditions become true.

For example:

• If a user enters a correct password, grant access.
• If the temperature is below 10°C, suggest wearing a coat.
• If the bank balance is below the required amount, deny a withdrawal.

In Java, we use conditional statements to write programs that can react differently based on inputs and conditions.

Types of Conditional Statements in Java

Java provides several types of conditional statements:

• if Statement: Runs code only if a specific condition is true.
• if-else Statement: Runs one set of code if the condition is true, or another set if it’s false.
• if-else-if Ladder: Checks several conditions in order, running the code for the first condition that’s true.
• Nested if Statements: Uses one if statement inside another to handle multiple conditions in layers.
• Ternary Operator (?:): A shorter way to write simple if-else conditions in a single line.

What is an if Statement?

The if statement in Java runs code only when something is true. If the condition isn’t true, Java skips that code.

Syntax:

Explanation:

1. The “if” keyword initiates the condition.
2. The condition is enclosed within parentheses ( ).
3. When the condition holds true, the statements enclosed within the curly braces `{ }` are triggered and executed accordingly.
4. If the condition evaluates to false, the instructions within the curly braces { } are bypassed, and the program proceeds without executing that block.

Example of a Simple if Statement

Output:

Since number > 0 evaluates to true, the statement inside the if block runs.

Using if with Relational Operators

You can use different comparison operators inside an if condition:

Example: Check if a Number is Even